The Basics of Mammalian Temperature Regulation

The Basics of Mammalian Temperature Regulation Do you think that its astonishing that reindeer, which invest quite a bit of their energy remaining in day off, experience some kind of hysteria? Or on the other hand that dolphins, whose slender flippers are coasting continually through cool water, despite everything figure out how to seek after dynamic ways of life? An uncommon circulatory adjustment known as countercurrent heat trade empowers both of these creatures to keep up the suitable internal heat level in their furthest points, and this is just one of the numerous astute adjustments warm blooded creatures have developed throughout the last hundred million years to assist them with dealing with variable temperatures. Warm blooded creatures Are Endothermic All warm blooded creatures are endothermic-that is, they keep up and direct their own internal heat level, regardless of the outside conditions. (Inhumane vertebrates, similar to snakes and turtles, are ectothermic.) Living in across the board conditions the world over, well evolved creatures face day by day and occasional variances in temperatures and some-for instance, those indigenous to brutal ice or tropical environments need to manage extraordinary cold or warmth. To keep up their right inside internal heat level, vertebrates must have an approach to deliver and moderate body heat in colder temperatures, just as disseminate abundance body heat in hotter temperatures. The instruments warm blooded animals have for creating heat incorporate cell digestion, circulatory adaptations,â and plain, good old shuddering. Cell digestion is the substance procedure that continually happens inside cells, by which natural particles are separated and collected for their inner vitality; this procedure discharges heat and warms the body. Circulatory adjustments, for example, the countercurrent heat trade referenced above, move heat from the center of the creatures body (its heart and lungs) to its outskirts by means of extraordinarily structured systems of veins. Shuddering, which youve most likely done some of yourself, is least demanding to clarify: this rough procedure creates heat by the quick compression and shaking of muscles.â In the event that An Animal Gets Too Warm Imagine a scenario in which a creature is excessively warm, instead of excessively cold. In calm and tropical atmospheres, abundance body warmth can collect rapidly and cause perilous issues. One of natures arrangements is to put blood flow extremely close to the outside of the skin, which assists with discharging heat into the earth. Another is the dampness delivered by sweat organs or respiratory surfaces, which vanishes in similarly dryer air and chills the creature off. Sadly, evaporative cooling is less powerful in dry atmospheres, where water is uncommon and water misfortune can be a genuine issue. In such circumstances, well evolved creatures, similar to reptiles, frequently look for security from the sun during the more sultry sunlight hours and resume their action around evening time. The development of warm-blooded digestion systems in vertebrates wasnt a clear issue, as witness the way that numerous dinosaurs were evidently warm-blooded, some contemporary well evolved creatures (counting a types of goat) really have something much the same as heartless digestion systems, and even one kind of fish produces its own interior body heat.

Analysis of A Different History by Sujata Bhatt Essay

A Different History composed by Sujata Bhatt depicts the loss of language and societies after colonization in India. This sonnet depicts the sharpness and trouble Bhatt felt about her native language and societies. Bhatt investigates the possibility of history, culture and language all through the sonnet. Bhatt utilizes two enjambments in the sonnet. The primary enjambment discusses the book, which speaks to the way of life and the manner in which individuals should treat the books. The manner of speaking utilized in the subsequent enjambment is progressively forceful and basic, as it portrayed the time of colonization when the way of life and language were removed by the victors. There is no rhyme used all through the sonnet. This shows Bhatt needs to show how genuine and complex the issue is, needing the perusers to think about the loss of native language and one’s culture. Besides, an incongruity is utilized all through the entire sonnet. Bhatt, who sobs for the loss of language, utilized English to compose the sonnet. This demonstrates she is one of those ‘unborn grandchildren’ who ‘grow to cherish that abnormal language’ making a feeling of bitterness, on the grounds that even the creator herself can't speak Indian however utilizes English †t he ‘strange language’. ‘Great Pan isn't dead; he basically emigrated to India’ tells that the way of life and religions are transmitted over the globe. ‘Great pan’ represents the polytheism existing in Indian religion where everything has a divine being accountable for it, even human. Bhatt discusses the way of life and way of life moving with individuals by suggesting that God Pan isn't seized to exist yet just moved to India. This likewise demonstrates the comparability between the religions of the Eastern and the Western because of the steady transmitting of societies and ways of life. ‘The god meanders openly, masked as snakes and monkeys’ depicts the acknowledgment of new religion and societies in India. ‘God’ speaks to the new societies and ways of life. Snakes and monkeys were venerated during the past time, as Indians accepted that there were divine beings laying on them. This shows Indians invited and revered the new culture and ways of life. Thi s additionally displays the guiltlessness of Indians who permitted outside religion to enter and ‘roam freely’ in India. There is a reiteration of ‘sin’ when the writer records the manner in which individuals should treat the books. The word ‘sin’ strengthens the negative critique and increases the basic tone of the sonnet. Bhatt utilizes book for instance to show individuals that the way of life must be valued and treated cautiously by referencing the convention and custom of India in how to treat the book. Polytheism is, once more, underscored in ‘you must not figure out how to turn the pages delicately without upsetting Sarasvati’. Sarasvati is a goddess of information and craftsmanship, who Indians accepted to lay on the book. Bhatt is telling the individuals that individuals should treat books similarly as the manner in which individuals treat the goddess of information, featuring the significance of god and the manner in which individuals should treat them. It likewise portrays the liberation of opportunity in esteeming one’s culture yet not freeing o neself with narrow-mindedness. There is an unexpected change in the manner of speaking in the subsequent enjambment; it is increasingly threatening and forceful. This change is bolstered by the facetious inquiries: ‘which language has not been the oppressor’s tongue? Which language genuinely intended to kill someone?’ This makes a feeling of vulnerability and infuriation, which the creator felt about the colonization. Bhatt portrays her sorrows as she understands that there are neither the oppressors not the mistreated. Nobody intends to be any of those †nobody can be accused. Furthermore, the reiteration of ‘which language’ improves the feeling of criticalness and vulnerability in her appearance. The redundancy and non-serious inquiries lead the perusers to feel the shamefaced of mankind's history. Further feeling of torment is made in ‘and how can it happen that after the torment, after the spirit has been edited with a long grass shearer diving out of the conqueror’s face’. ‘Soul’ represents the confidence of Indians for having the option to speak Indian and follow the Indian culture. Grass shearer is an apparatus used to reap crops by hand, which clearly takes any longer time than by machine. ‘Scythe’ in this expression speaks to the colonization and treachery. This shows the colonization has removed the ‘soul’ of Indian by restricting the way of life and language. This additionally uncovers Indians endured long time during the colonization. Last tone of the sonnet is made in the last two lines: ‘the unborn grandkids develop to cherish that bizarre language’. Feeling of misery and vulnerability are improved as it depicted Bhatt’s acknowledgment of social outcomes, for example, the colonization doesn't destroy one’s history however starts another period where another age of ‘unborn grandchildren’ develop ‘to love that abnormal language’ †the certainty of social change. Sujata Bhatt investigates the topic of social result and the loss of language and societies all through the sonnet by depicting he feeling about her lost first language and culture. This sonnet drives the perusers to recall about their own history, which may either be difficult or glad.

How to Cope When You are Alone on Christmas

How to Cope When You are Alone on Christmas Social Anxiety Disorder Coping Print How to Cope When You Are Alone on Christmas By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Updated on July 28, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Johner Images / Getty Images You might be alone on Christmas for different reasons, such as the death of a loved one, living far from relatives, or because of social isolation. If you have social anxiety disorder (SAD)  and dont have close relationships with family or friends, loneliness at Christmas could be particularly hard. In general, there are three ways to cope with being alone at Christmas. First, you can address your mental state and how it is contributing to your loneliness. Second, you can find things to do on Christmas so that you feel less alone. And third, you can plan ahead so that you are not alone this time next year. Addressing Your Mental State Christmas is the perfect day to take the time to appreciate what you have in life, be it good health, a place to live, or food on the table. Having gratitude will also help you to move past anxiety, as you learn to live in the present moment and be mindful of your surroundings. One way to practice gratitude is to write down three things you are grateful for on this day. What if youre plagued by negative thoughts? If you feel like you dont know how to cope with being alone, ask yourself What would I do if I did know how to cope?  You have more power than you think over your thoughts and how they make you feel. You can choose to feel lonely because you are alone, or you can choose to feel grateful for the positive things in your life. That doesnt mean that you need to spend every Christmas alone; just that dwelling on the fact this Christmas isnt going to help matters. Reframing your negative thoughts is the basis of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), an effective treatment for social anxiety disorder.?? 10 Tips for Coping With Loneliness at Christmas One way to cope with being alone on Christmas is to actually go out and do something productive. Rather than spend the day at home, alone, find something that you can do that fits with your mindset and mental state for the day. If you feel full of energy, and the weather is decent, maybe you might sign up for a 5k run. If you feel social, you might attend a church service to be in the presence of others. Below are some other ideas of things to keep you from focusing on the fact you are alone. Say Yes Perhaps you are alone this year because you turned down invitations. Call those people back and say yes. This is often a problem for those with social anxietyâ€"you turn down invitations only to regret it and feel lonely afterward. Volunteer One way to gain a better appreciation for the good things in your life is to get involved in volunteering. Volunteering during the holidays is a way to connect with others, boost your self-esteem, and bring joy to people who are less fortunate. Consider offering to help serve dinner at a soup kitchen, bring gifts to a childrens hospital, or visit lonely residents at a nursing home.?? If you feel nervous about doing these social activities, all the better; its a chance to test your boundaries and expand your social skills. In fact, research shows that practicing kindness may reduce your tendency to avoid social situations.?? Host an Orphan Christmas You are not the only one alone during the holidays. Plan an Orphan Christmas for those who have no one to spend the holiday with, or join a group of people in similar circumstances. If you feel anxious about reaching outâ€"consider that other people who are alone on Christmas may feel isolated, lonely, and nervous to call on you, too. Work If you enjoy your work, and you have the option to work on Christmas, spend the day being productive. This is a smart choice if your job involves interacting with coworkers or customers; being at work will help you to feel less lonely. If you dont have the option to work on Christmas, spend the day working around your home or on a project that youve put off for too long. Host an Online Christmas Do you have online friends? Do you have long-distance relatives? Host an online Christmas by setting up a Skype chatroom or Facebook group. People can drop in and out as they please, and you dont have to cook, clean,  or even get off the sofa. As an added bonus, youll have a chance to practice your social skills as you welcome new people to the group and catch up with old friends. Enjoy Solitude If being alone on  Christmas is unavoidable, plan a day for yourself. Buy something online to treat yourself, cook your favorite foods, and plan a movie marathon. Or, cut through the cliches and do something offbeat like learning a new language or starting work on the novel thats always been in your head. Christmas is a day to indulge in whatever makes you happy. How to Plan Ahead for Next Christmas Plan for a better future. If social anxiety has left you alone on Christmas, vow to visit your doctor in the new year and get a handle on your anxiety. If youve never been diagnosed, make a plan to share your concernsâ€"you can even hand a typewritten letter to your doctor if that helps. Social anxiety tends to be overlooked or mistaken for other problems, particularly because people with the disorder are not good at sharing how they feel. Use whatever means necessary to impress upon your doctor the severity of your symptoms. What to Do If Youre Having Difficulty Coping If you are feeling really down about being alone on Christmas and cant pull yourself out of it, reach out for help. Call a friend, family member, or a helpline. Regardless of whether you are physically separated from people on Christmas, you should never feel like you are lacking support. There are people who would love to hear from you and trained volunteers waiting to counsel you. A Word From Verywell While feeling socially isolated one day of the year may be common, finding yourself crippled by social anxiety more days than not may be a sign of a disorder. If youve not already consulted your doctor about severe social anxiety, be sure to make an appointment to discuss the possibility of a diagnosis and referral for treatment.

Interesting Facts About Restoration Comedy

Among the many sub-genres of comedy is  the comedy of manners, or restoration comedy,  which originated in France with Molià ¨res Les Precieuses Ridicules (1658). Molià ¨re used this comic form to correct social absurdities.   In England, the comedy of manners is represented by the plays of William Wycherley, George Etherege, William Congreve,  and George Farquhar. This form was later classed old comedy but is now known as restoration comedy because it coincided with Charles IIs return to England. The main goal of these comedies of manners was to mock or scrutinize society. This allowed the audience to laugh at themselves and society. Marriage and the Game of Love One of the major themes of restoration comedy is marriage and the game of love. But if marriage is a mirror of society, the couples in the plays show something very dark and sinister about order. Many critiques of marriage in the comedies are devastating. Although the endings are happy and the man gets the woman, we see marriages without love and love affairs that are rebellious breaks with tradition. William Wycherleys Country Wife In Wycherleys Country Wife, the marriage between Margery and Bud Pinchwife represents a hostile union  between an older man and a young woman. The Pinchwifes are the focal point of the play, and Margerys affair with Horner only adds to the humor. Horner cuckolds all of the husbands while pretending to be a eunuch. This causes the women to flock to him. Horner is a master at the game of love, though he is emotionally impotent. The relationships in the play are dominated by jealousy or cuckoldry. In Act IV, scene ii., Mr. Pinchwife says, So, tis plain she loves him, yet she has not love enough to make her conceal it from me; but the sight of him will increase her aversion for me and love for him, and that love instruct her how to deceive me and satisfy him, all idiot as she is. He wants her to be unable to deceive him. But even in her obvious innocence, he doesnt believe she is. To him, every woman came out of natures hands plain, open, silly, and fit for slaves, as she and Heaven intended em. He also believes women are more lustful and devilish than men. Mr. Pinchwife isnt especially bright, but in his jealousy, he becomes a dangerous character,  thinking Margery conspired to cuckold him. He is correct, but if hed known the truth, he would have killed her in his madness. As it is, when she disobeys him, he says, Once more write as Id have you, and question it not, or I will spoil thy writing with this. [Holding up the penknife.] I will stab out those eyes that cause my mischief. He doesnt ever hit her or stab her in the play (such actions wouldnt make a very good comedy), but Mr. Pinchwife continually locks Margery in the closet, calls her names, and in all other ways, acts like a brute. Because of his abusive nature, Margerys affair is no  surprise. In fact, it is accepted as a social norm, along with Horners promiscuity. In the end, Margery learning to lie is expected because the idea has already been set up when Mr. Pinchwife voices his fears that if she loved Horner more, she would conceal it from him. With this, social order is restored. Man of Mode The theme of the restoration of order in love and marriage continues in Ethereges Man of Mode (1676). Dorimant and Harriet are immersed in the game of love. Although it seems obvious that the couple is destined to be together, an obstacle is placed in Dorimants way by Harriets mother, Mrs. Woodville. She  has arranged for her to marry Young Bellair, who already has his eye on Emilia. Threatened with the possibility of being disinherited, Young Bellair and Harriet pretend to accept the idea, while Harriet and Dorimant go at it in their battle of wits. An element of tragedy is added to the equation as Mrs. Loveit comes into the picture, breaking her fans and acting hysterically. The fans, which were supposed to hide a flush of passion or embarrassment, no longer offer her any protection. She is defenseless against Dorimants cruel words and the all too realistic facts of life; there can be no doubt that she is a tragic side effect of the game of love. Having long since lost interest in her, Dorimant continues to lead her on, giving her hope  but leaving her in despair. In the end, her  unrequited love  brings her ridicule, teaching society that if you are going to play at the game of love, youd better be prepared to get hurt. Indeed, Loveit comes to the realization that Theres nothing but falsehood and impertinence in this world. All men are villains or fools, before she parades out. By the end of the play, we see one marriage, as expected, but it is between Young Bellair and Emilia, who broke with tradition by marrying secretly, without Old Bellairs consent. But in a comedy, all must be forgiven, which  Old Bellair does. While Harriet sinks into a depressing mood, thinking of her lonely house in the country and the poignant noise of the rooks, Dorimant admits his love to her, saying The first time I saw you, you left me with the pangs of love upon me; and this day my soul has quite given up her liberty. Congreves The Way of the World (1700) In Congreves The Way of the World (1700), the trend of restoration continues, but marriage becomes more about contractual agreements and greed  than love. Millamant and Mirabell iron out a prenuptial agreement before they marry. Then Millamant, for an instant, seems willing to marry her cousin Sir Willful, so that she can keep her money. Sex in Congreve, Mr. Palmer says, is a battle of the wits. It is not a battlefield of emotions.   Its comical to see the two wits going at it, but when we look deeper, there is seriousness behind their words. After they list conditions, Mirabell says, These provisos admitted, in other things I may prove a tractable and complying husband. Love may be the basis of their relationship, as Mirabell appears honest; however, their alliance is a sterile romance, devoid of the touchy, feely stuff, which we hope for in a courtship. Mirabell and Millamant are two wits perfect for each other in the battle of the sexes; nevertheless, the pervading sterility and greed reverberates as the relationship between the two wits becomes much more confusing.   Confusion and deception are the way of the world, but compared to The Country Wife and earlier drama, Congreves play shows a different kind of chaos--one marked with contracts and greed instead of the hilarity and mix-up of Horner and other rakes. The evolution of society, as mirrored by the plays themselves,  is apparent. The Rover The apparent change in society becomes more explicit as we look at  Aphra Behns play, The Rover (1702). She borrowed almost all of the plot and many details from Thomaso, or the Wanderer, written by Behns old friend, Thomas Killigrew; however, this fact does not diminish the quality of the play. In The Rover, Behn addresses the issues that are of primary concern to her--love and marriage. This play is a comedy of intrigue and isnt set in England as the others play on this list have been. Instead, the action is set in Naples, Italy, during Carnival, an exotic setting, which takes the audience away from the familiar as a sense of alienation pervades the play. The games of love, here, involve Florinda, destined to marry an old, rich man  or her brothers friend. Theres also Belville, a young gallant who rescues her and wins her heart, along with Hellena, Florindas sister, and Willmore, a young rake who falls in love with her. There are no adult s present throughout the play, though Florindas brother is an authority figure, blocking her from a marriage of love. Ultimately, though, even the brother doesnt have much to say in the matter. The women -- Florinda and Hellena -- take the situation pretty much into their own hands, deciding what they want. This is, after all, a play written by a woman. And  Aphra Behn  was not just any woman. She was one of the first women to make a living as a writer, which was quite a feat in her day. Behn was also known for her escapades as a spy and other nefarious activities. Drawing upon her own experience and rather revolutionary ideas, Behn creates female characters who are very different from any in previous period plays. She also addresses the threat of violence toward women, such as rape. This is a much darker view of society than the other playwrights created. The plot was further complicated when Angelica Bianca enters the picture, providing us with a searing indictment against society and the state of moral decay. When Willmore breaks his oath of love to her by falling in love with Helena, she goes crazy, brandishing a pistol and threatening to kill him. Willmore admits his inconstancy, saying, Broke my Vows? Why, where hast thou lived? Amongst the gods! For I never heard of mortal man that has not broke a thousand vows. He is an interesting representation of the careless and callous gallant of the Restoration, concerned mainly with his own pleasures and not interested in whom he hurts along the way. In the end, all of the conflicts are resolved with prospective marriages and released from the threat of marriage to an old man or the church. Willmore closes the last scene by saying, Egad, thourt a brave girl, and I admire thy love and courage. Lead on; no other dangers they can dread/ Who ventured in the storms o th marriage bed. The Beaux Stratagem   Looking at The Rover, it is not hard to make a leap to  George Farquhars play, The Beaux Stratagem (1707).  In this play, he presents a terrible indictment on love and marriage. He depicts Mrs. Sullen as a frustrated wife, trapped in a marriage with no escape in sight (at least not at first). Characterized as a hate-hate relationship, the Sullens do not even have mutual respect to base their union on. Then, it was difficult, if not impossible to get a divorce; and, even if Mrs. Sullen managed to divorce, she would have been destitute because all of her money belonged to her husband. Her plight seems hopeless as she answers her sister-in-laws You must have Patience, with, Patience! the Cant of Custom--Providence sends no Evil without a Remedy--shoud I lie groaning under a Yoke I can shake off, I were accessory to my Ruin, and my Patience were no better than self-Murder. Mrs. Sullen is a tragic figure when we see her as wife to an ogre, but she is comical as she plays at love with Archer. In The Beaux Stratagem, though, Farquhar shows himself to be a transitional figure when he introduces the contractual elements of the play. The Sullen marriage ends in divorce, and the traditional comic resolution is still kept intact with the announcement of the marriage of Aimwell and Dorinda. Of course, Aimwells intent was to woe Dorinda into marrying him so that he could squander her money. In that respect, at least the play compares with Behns The Rover and Congreves The Way of the World; but in the end, Aimwell says,  Such Goodness who coud injure; I find myself unequal to the task of Villain; she has gaind my Soul, and made it honest like her own; --I cannot, cannot hurt her. Aimwells statement shows a marked change in his character. We can suspend disbelief as he tells Dorinda, Im a Lie, nor dare I give a Fiction to your Arms; Im all Counterfeit except my Passion. Its another happy ending! Sheridans The School for Scandal Richard Brinsley Sheridans play The School for Scandal (1777) marks a shift from the plays discussed above. Much of this change is due to a falling away of the Restoration values into a different kind of restoration -- where a new morality comes into play. Here, the bad are punished and the good are rewarded, and appearance doesnt fool anyone for long, especially when the long lost guardian, Sir Oliver, comes home to discover all. In the Cain and Abel scenario, Cain, a part played by Joseph Surface, is exposed as being an ungrateful hypocrite and Abel, a part played by Charles Surface, is really not that bad after all (all blame is  placed on his brother). And the virtuous young maiden--Maria--was right in her love, though she obeyed her fathers orders to refuse any further contact with Charles until he was vindicated. Also  interesting is that Sheridan does not create affairs between the characters of his play. Lady Teazle was willing to cuckold Sir Peter with Joseph until she learns the genuineness of his love. She realizes the error of her ways, repents and, when discovered, tells all and is forgiven.  There is nothing  realistic about the play, but its intent is much more moral than any of the earlier comedies. Wrapping Up Though these Restoration plays broach similar themes, the methods and the outcomes are completely different. This shows how much more conservative England had become by the late 18th century. Also as time moved forward, the emphasis changed from cuckoldry and the aristocracy to marriage as a contractual agreement and eventually to the sentimental comedy. Throughout, we see a restoration of social order in various forms.

Antigone - Paper 13 - 1697 Words

Greek drama was written in such a way that the characters are the pivotal aspect of the play. The main characters in Sophocles’ epic play, Antigone, are both very strong personalities, which naturally leads to conflict. Antigone and King Creon both have very intense beliefs and roles in this play that oppose each other, and although there is a family tie, will lead to an imminent tragedy. Antigone is a young women who believes in the loyalty of her family and fears no one and nothing. She is willing to give up her bright future and her life and disobey the edict of her uncle and bury her deceased brother. Antigone displays her heroic characteristics through her fearlessness, loyalty, perseverance, and is therefore the tragic heroine of†¦show more content†¦If it wasn’t for the incest of Oedipus and Jocasta, the parents of Antigone, Ismene, Polyneices and Eteocles, Oedipus would have never gouged his eyes out and given over a shared kingship to his sons. If the y hadn’t of been greedy and unable to share the kingship, then there would have been no edict forbidding the burial of Polyneices. Therefore, being a kin of Oedipus’ family, Antigone fell into a trap and was destined to fall into a tragedy. The antistrophe, which represents society and their views, expresses: â€Å"I have seen this gathering sorrow from time long past/ Loom upon Oedipus’ children: generation from generation/ Takes the compulsive rage of the enemy god./ So lately this last flower of Oedipus’ line/ Drank the sunlight! but now a passionate word/ And a handful of dust have closed up all its beauty.† (Sophocles Ode II) Society was conflicted in what to think about the entire conflict in the city of Thebes. It brought upon a theme of moral law versus civil law. No one knew what to think or who to side with because everyone was right, yet everyone was wrong. Antigone is a perfect example of a tragic heroine and exemplifies every aspect of the definition. 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And it is a process grounded in sound educational practice rather than in mere top-down coercionRead MoreAnalysis Of `` The Yellow Wallpaper `` By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1777 Words   |  8 Pagesmade her tired as it was a lot of work to hide it every time. Woolf states, â€Å"Not being a historian, one might go even further and say that women have burnt like beacons in all the works of all the poets from the beginning of time- Clytemnestra, Antigone, Cleopatra†¦ The names flock to mind, nor do they recall women ‘lacking in personality and character’† (776). None of these women lacked what men thought, they were just as talented and brilliant as men were. Men were more acknowledged than those

Week 3 Free Essays

Student Exam 1/16/12 9:14 AM Week 3 : Managing Assets and Resources in the Digital Firm – Homework Save Answers Submit for Grading 1. A characteristic or quality describing an entity is called a(n) (Points : 1) field. tuple. We will write a custom essay sample on Week 3 or any similar topic only for you Order Now key field. attribute. 2. The confusion created by _____ makes it difficult for companies to create customer relationship management, supply chain management, or enterprise systems that integrate data from different sources. (Points : 1) batch processing data redundancy data independence online processing 3. Duplicate data in multiple data files is called (Points : 1) data redundancy. ata multiplication. data independence. data backups. 4. A DBMS (Points : 1) makes the physical database available for different logical views. makes the logical database available for different analytical views. makes the physical database available for different analytical views. makes the relational database available for different analytical views. 5. The logical view (Points : 1) shows how data are organized and structured on the storage media. presents an entry screen to the user. allows the creation of supplementary reports. presents data as they would be perceived by end users. 6.The type of logical database model that treats data as if they were stored in two-dimensional tables is the (Points : 1) OODBMS. pre-digital DBMS. relational DBMS. hierarchical DBMS. 7. A field identified in a table as holding the unique identifier of the table’s records is called the (Points : 1) primary key. key field. http://takeexam. next. ecollege. com/(NEXT(f83986aacf))/Main/CourseM†¦703=rDEJX%252foi1wqaW6CBxURnSNa8tZLcim9DauNr3z3CFpI%253d Page 1 of 3 Student Exam 1/16/12 9:14 AM primary field. unique ID. 8. The data dictionary serves as an important data management tool by (Points : 1) ssigning attributes to the data. creating an inventory of data contained in the database. presenting data as end users or business specialists would perceive them. maintaining data in updated form. 9. An automated or manual file that stores information about data elements and data characteristics such as usage, physical representation, ownership, authorization, and security is the (Points : 1) data dictionary. data definition diagram. entity-relationship diagram. relationship dictionary. 10. Which is the type of database management approach that can handle a large number of pages or documents? Points : 1) Hierarchical DBMS Relational DBMS Network DBMS NoSQL 11. Which is the most prominent data manipulation language today? (Points : 1) Access DB2 SQL Crystal Reports 12. DBMSs typically include report-generating tools in order to (Points : 1) retrieve and display data. display data in an easier-to-read format. display data in graphs. perform predictive analysis. 13. A schematic of the entire database that describes the relationships in a database is called (Points : 1) the data dictionary. the intersection relationship diagram. the entity-relationship diagram. the data definition diagram. 14. What is the process of streamlining data to minimize redundancy and awkward many-to-many relationships? (Points : 1) Normalization Data scrubbing Data cleansing Data defining http://takeexam. next. ecollege. com/(NEXT(f83986aacf))/Main/CourseM†¦703=rDEJX%252foi1wqaW6CBxURnSNa8tZLcim9DauNr3z3CFpI%253d Page 2 of 3 Student Exam 1/16/12 9:14 AM 15. Cloud computing offers (Points : 1) no database functions. some database functions. products only from Amazon and Microsoft. None of the above 16. A data warehouse is composed of (Points : 1) historical data from legacy systems. current data. internal and external data sources. istoric and current internal data. 17. A data mart usually can be constructed more rapidly and at lower cost than a data warehouse because (Points : 1) a data mart typically focuses on a single subject area or line of business. all the information is historical. a data mart requires a Web interface. all of the information belongs to a single company. 18. Data mining is a tool that allows users to (Points : 1) quickly compare transaction data gathered over many years. find hidden relationships in data. obtain online answers to ad hoc questions in a rapid amount of time. summarize massive amounts of data into much smaller, traditional reports. 19. What is the tool that enables users to view the same data in different ways using multiple dimensions? (Points : 1) Predictive analysis SQL OLAP Data mining 20. OLAP is a tool that enables (Points : 1) users to obtain online answers to ad hoc questions in a short amount of time. users to view both logical and physical views of data. programmers to quickly diagram data relationships. programmers to normalize data. Save Answers Submit for Grading http://takeexam. next. ecollege. com/(NEXT(f83986aacf))/Main/CourseM†¦703=rDEJX%252foi1wqaW6CBxURnSNa8tZLcim9DauNr3z3CFpI%253d Page 3 of 3 How to cite Week 3, Essay examples Week 3 Free Essays What was Francis Henry Galton’s major contribution to forensic science? Francis Henry Galton’s major contribution to forensic science was fingerprinting. Although he wasn’t the first person with the idea of fingerprinting, he was more successful with the idea and the scientific knowledge that he knew. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Week 3 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Who is known as â€Å"the father of forensic toxicology† and why? Mathieu Orfila is known and â€Å"the father of forensic toxicology†. In 1814 he published the first book on poisons and how they affect animals. He is also known to be the creator of criminalistics. 3. Name two major contributions to forensic science made by Hans Gross. Hans Gross wrote the first book on scientific disciplines in criminal investigation. He also wrote a journal on forensics that is used to detect crime. 4. With what area of forensic investigation are Karl Landsteiner and Dr. Leone Lattes associated? Landsteiner and Dr. Lattes both associated in Forensic Medicine. Landsteiner discovered that blood could be put in different groups. After Landsteiner’s discovery Dr. Lattes established that different bloods could be used to identify people. 5. Who was the first person to apply the principles of forensic science to a working crime laboratory? 6. What is Locard’s exchange principle? Locard’s exchange principle is a cross-transfer that happens when two objects come into contact with each other. When two objects hit each other materials are exchanged. For example when two cars collide into each other the paint transfers to the other car. He believed that particles from a crime scene would be transferred to the criminal. 7. With what instrument did Dr. Walter C. McCrone make significant contributions to forensic science? McCrone brought the microscope into the forensic science field. The microscope is a great use for close up examination of objects used. McCrone ended up becoming the world’s preeminent microscopist. He was very dedicated to his work and knew what he was doing.    How to cite Week 3, Papers

Injuries from Fall and Transitional Care

Question: Discuss about the Injuries from Fall and Transitional Care. Answer: Introduction: Fall is an event which inadvertently causes a person to rest on the ground or other lower level. Falls are the second leading cause of accidental injuries worldwide. 37.3 million fall injuries are severe enough to require medical attention and are most frequently observed in older adults (age greater than 65) (Falls, 2016). Fractures such as Hip fracture, Leg fracture, Spine, rib and pelvis fracture, Intracranial injuries are the most common ones. Other fractures not as frequent include Arm fracture, Skull and face fracture, etc. Other injuries include Crushing injuries or internal injuries, open wounds of head, neck and trunk, Joint disorders, dislocation because of trauma and spinal cord injury (Russo, Owens Stocks, 2006). Spinal injuries include both Cervical as well as lumbar injuries. Also, Musculoskeletal injuries sustained can be in Upper extremity, Pelvic area as well as Lower extremity (Rozycki Maull, 1991). A major cause of concern in case of post-fall hospitalization in older individuals is rehospitalisation within 1-6 months of discharge. Whenever there arises a situation when a person has to be shifted from 1 level of health care and another as well as has to be shifted across care settings, transition care comes into play. Most common form of transition care is the one given when an individual is transferred from a hospital to his home for further care and convalescence (Naylor Keating, 2008). Transition care is especially important in case of older adults who suffer from multiple chronic conditions and complex therapeutic regimens and their family members who need to take care of such individuals. References Falls. (2016). Media Centre. WHO. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs344/en/ Naylor, M., Keating, S. A. (2008). Transitional Care: Moving patients from one care setting to another. Author manuscript. PMC. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2768550/ Rozycki, G. S., Maull, K. I. (1991). Injuries sustained by falls. Archives of emergency medicine, 8(4), 245-252. Russo, C. A., Owens, P. L., Stocks, C. (2006). Common Injuries That Result in Hospitalization, 2004, Retrieved from https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb19.pdf

RFID in the Retail Supply Chain Issues and Opportunities

RFID Technology RFID is an acronym which stands for radio frequency identification. It is a wireless technology which uses electromagnetic fields in identifying animals, people or objects (Violino, 2013). Many authors contend that RFID is a technology that will tend to replace or supplement other technologies such as barcode (Violino, 2013). RFID is composed of two parts; the tag and the reader.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on RFID in the Retail Supply Chain: Issues and Opportunities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The tag is simply a tiny microchip with a code. The code is the heart of the technology. It is invoked when identifying the object to which the tag is tied to. On the other hand, the reader is an apparatus that transmits the wireless frequencies to the tag inquiring its location. In operation, when the tag senses the request from the tag, it sends back the code fixed to it. History of RFID The concept of RFID technology is not a new technology in the world. It can be traced back in the 19th century when progress in scientific inventions in the field electromagnetisms was being advanced. Reid (2005) notes that innovation in the field of electronic induction by Faraday and the explanation put forward in the operation of electromagnetism using equation by James Maxwell laid the basis for RFID growth during the early days; this was the beginning point in RFID technology which is being widely used today. Reid (2005) also shows that the use of automatic RFID systems begun with the development of the automated object detection systems. Among these systems was the radio transmitter. The radio transmitter designed in 1926 had the capacity to detect objects at a distance. The real application of the RFID system was during the World War II. The technology called â€Å"Identify Friend or Foe†, IFF was used by the British Royal Air Force to facilitate pilots and radar officers disting uish between friends and enemies using RF signals (Royal Air Force, 2006). In 1960’s, the technology was fitted in trucks accessing secure facilities. Reid (2005) indicates that by 1980’s, the technology was commercialized, hence, more chips were produced and made available to facilitate tracking and managing of properties such as razor blades, animals and railway cars on a large scale.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Why the Technology? The problems experienced in tracking shipping containers, automobiles and train cars were enormous, hence, a creative solution to contain it was necessary. Because RFID technology had been used during the WWII and was successful, businesses viewed the used in the business environment, it will yield similar results, thus, RFID was seen as an ideal technology to adopt. RFID was able to track and locate objects in real-time. Addit ionally, the mobility of the technology made possible to be tagged in rail cars. For example, by 1994, the United States had fitted RFID in rail cars. Also, the problem in toll collection was inescapable. Hence, it was very cumbersome to collect tolls from various stations. The RFID, therefore, was important in solving this problem (FTC, 2005). Efforts to deploy RFID in the 1980s and 1990s was a success because tags fitted in the equipment’s relayed data in the database automatically and in real-time. FTC (2005) point out that the counterfeit and insecurity were widespread in the casino industry, thus, to mitigate this concern, RFID technology was vital in containing counterfeit and enhancing security. One of the early casinos to embrace this technology was the Wynn Casino in Las Vegas. The casino fixed the RFID chips on gaming tables and gambling tokens to detect counterfeits, fraud, prevent theft besides improving service delivery FTC, 2005). Other than casinos, most countr ies have incorporated chips in travel documents to guard against theft and security (FTC, 2005). Benefits of RFID Though the costs of implementing an RFID system are high, coupled with the risks, the technology offers countless benefits to individuals and businesses. Traiman (2001) point out that RFID reduces distribution and warehouse labour costs. This is because the technology is efficient in replacing labour intensive activities and the point of operations. The RFID is able to track with accuracy products, cartons and pallets with sensors in wherever location they are in the warehouse.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on RFID in the Retail Supply Chain: Issues and Opportunities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More RFID offers improved planning and forecasting (Traiman, 2001). The technology makes the supply chain management visible facilitating planning and forecasting. This helps in tracking the location of invento ry in the supply chain. Businesses lose millions of dollars per year due to theft. With RFID, these losses are avoided (Traiman, 2001). RFID track items in the supply chain creating efficiency and minimal errors. In the retail system, the technology reduces theft to higher margin as all products are tracked in real time. RFID technology is consistent and in real-time, thus, it saves customers time in selecting the product of choice enhancing his/her experience. Similarly, customer’s product placed in a cat is easily tracked and if kiosks comprise of shopping experience, businesses are able to make automatic offers on related items improving the customer’s experience. Advantages of RFID Compared with other products such as bar codes, RFID has many advantages to the business and individuals. Reid (2005) illustrates that RFID perform well in different environments. For example, in adverse conditions, tags can be deployed allowing and operate without any hindrances. RFID p rovides real-time updates. The tags have been designed to enhance communication and retention of information with the on-board memory. Thus, this strategy can be used by the businesses to carry out preventive maintenance of records and calibrate history among others. Reid (2005) explains that this process can be achieved automatically with no human intervention. RFID has the advantage of trace-ability. Traiman (2001) explains the embedded chip is able to recall, document and track history of a single object or item in real-time by incorporating user data, UIC and other information on-board. This saves time which would have been otherwise used in doing the same manually. Disadvantages Despite fixing efficiency and streamlining operations, RFID has elicited major challenges in the society and the business world. Albrecht (2005) cites that as the RFID technology becomes less sophisticated and expensive, the concern regarding privacy has arisen. The society fears that people could be bo und to specific information concerning their purchasing behaviour by unscrupulous retailers (Albrecht, 2005).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More FTC (2005) illustrates that some devices such as walkie-talkies and forklifts in the neighbourhood of an RFID hamper efficiency and functionality of the technology. As both devices use radio frequencies, there is a problem of signals getting mixed up. The cost of implementing RFID technology is high. It covers the purchase of readers, tags and softwares. Hence, basing on the size of the organization, it can be time consuming and very expensive in the long-run. FTC (2005) notes the cost of tags is high, hence, depending on the size of the organization, it might cost the organization a lot of money. Political aspects Mixed reactions have elicited on the use of RFID technology. One of the issues is the debate on regulatory and legal system. FTC (2005) point out the technology can be abused by people with ill intent. It can be used to perpetuate criminal activities such as stalking, though advocates for the technology cite its usefulness in preventing crime, theft and forgery, criminal may exploit gaps in the system causing considerable harm. Thus, there is a policy vacuum on how the technology can be used effectively within the confines of the legal system to guarantee protection of users’ data. Also, Kelly and Erickson (2005) point out the privacy concern of data stored in RFID databases. Using RFID might elicit conflict with existing regulations that guide data protection because the RFID technology is invisible. The available data protection laws in various jurisdictions are not clear on/or is not prepared to develop laws to regulate the omnipresent data processing. Furthermore, RFID allows data to be collected and stored in a central database. Critics allay fears that this aspect can lead to theft of personal data and encourage misuse which is in contradiction to the right of privacy enjoyed by individuals (Kelly and Erickson, 2005). However, pundits advocating for this technology cite it has beneficial to the society when used appropriately. For examp le, in the medical care, the technology can be used to save a life. However, the user has to make a choice of either using the technology or not (Kelly and Erickson, 2005). Social Setting A lot of issues generated by the use of RFID technology in a social setting are wide with far reaching implication, not only to businesses, but also on individuals. Of importance is the management of data stored on these devices. There are fears that information stored in such systems may lead to misuse of personal data because RFID tag has a unique ID which may be linked to personal identifiable information. Violino (2013) point out that threats such as action, preference, association and constellation associated with the daily life of an individual feels threatened by the RFID technology. Similarly, Kelly and Erickson (2005) illustrates that societal privacy threats such as the erosion of individual liberties are at risk. This is because there is rising concern that the RFID technology allows sto red data to be transferred across stakeholders, networks and organizations. This concern amplifies as the data linked to different objects becomes connected to identify users without their consent. If such data is used to fix profiles, its viability may curtail the right of choice of users and contribute to making unstructured decisions in regard to an individual (Kelly Erickson, 2005). Kelly and Erickson (2005) points out that as the RFID tag is becoming more widespread through deployment of related applications, there is a potential risk of â€Å"function creep†. For instance, he cites that the intention of embedding RFIG tag in casino chip was well thought. It was intended to contain counterfeit and improve security. However, the technology together with personal identifiers might be used to track how individuals play and record winnings and losses. Such applications, coupled with profiling events which a user has no control of may cause intrusion to an individual’ s privacy. Pest Aspect Albrecht and McIntyre (2005) indicates that an RFID microchip has been widely used in agriculture, particularly in woody plants to store and retrieve pertinent information on their health. The microchip collects various information such as pesticide usage, soil fertility among others. The information is linked to the database for analysis. Other than incorporating RFID in plants, the technology is placed strategically in ground to automatically detect pests, making their eradication much faster (Albrecht McIntyre, 2005). However, there are rising concerns that the using the technology has negative potential on the environment because leaky metals may leave harmful toxins in the soil causing diseases and increasing pest resistant. Social Sorting Social sorting is a process of using data to identify, classify, order and control the population. Various arguments have been advanced on how the RFID system perpetuates social sorting. Albrecht and McIntyre (2005) in dicates that using RFID may necessitate new forms of surveillance. Although other methods of surveillance such as access badges, internet and video cameras exists, compared to these technologies, RFID arouses more reaction because it strengthens misuse because of aggregation of information about an object or an individual. The information collected through surveillance might be altered, cloned allowing identity usurpation and used for unintended purposes such as discrimination and victimization of individuals. Relation to the Panoptican and RFID Panopticon bears close resemblance to RFID technology. Samatas (2008) explains that Panopticon changed the European justice system from being a corporal punishment system to a prison architecture that fixed self-control. Prisons were constructed in a round figure that allowed prisoners at the centre to be visible to the surveillance guards. As a prisoner was conscious of being watched, he subjected himself to the authority of the disciplinar y system. Similarly, the RFID posses the same concept and is more distressing than Panopticon though its technology based. Similarly, because it is chip based surveillance is enhanced as the chip can be attached or fixed on almost everything and tracked in whichever location the object might be (Samatas, 2008). Another similarity is that Panopticon was a perpetually stressing a de-humanizing aspect. This is in close resemblance to RFID technology. RFID knows exactly where an object is, in this way, there is an expression of fear commonly unknown to others. Because surveillance technologies are aligned with humans, it creates emotions in human beings because they feel their independence and control is under observation (Samatas, 2008). References Albrecht, K 2005, Spychips: How Major Corporations and Government Plan to Track Your Every Move with RFID, Thomas Nelson Inc, Tennesse. Albrecht, K and McIntyre, L 2005, Spychips: how major corporations and government plan to track your ever y move with RFID. Web. FTC 2005, Radio Frequency Identification: Applications and Implications for Consumers. Web. Kelly, EP and Erickson, GS 2005, â€Å"RFID tags: commercial applications v. Privacy rights†, Industrial Management Data Systems, Vol. 105. No. 6, pp. 703 – 713. Reid, AS 2005, â€Å"RFID Tags and the European Union: Really free internal distribution?†, Journal of International Trade Law and Policy, Vol. 4. No. 1/2, pp. 1 – 30. Royal Air Force 2006, Royal Air Force History. Samatas, M 2008, From thought control to traffic control: CCTV politics of expansion and resistance in post-Olympics Greece, in Mathieu Deflem, Jeffrey T. Ulmer (ed.) Surveillance and Governance: Crime Control and Beyond (Sociology of Crime Law and Deviance, Volume 10), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, pp. 345-369. Traiman, S 2001, Tag, you’re it! The EPC tag could revolutionize the retail supply chain, Retail Systems Reseller. Web. Violino, B 2013, What is RFID?, RFID Journal. Web. This essay on RFID in the Retail Supply Chain: Issues and Opportunities was written and submitted by user Tanner H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Newsletters versus Blogging

Newsletters versus Blogging While I hate giving away my age, years ago newsletters were fresh and new. The goal was to direct people to your website, and from there you sell your wares. Were talking 15-20 years. Few people could do newsletters, and there were few email delivery services that could handle a newsletter. Most people didnt want to pay for what an email could do anyway. That was the time period that FundsforWriters was born. It was cool to be in magazines. After a few years, when I had graduated to four newsletters, and the Internet was becoming popular and THE place to be. . . when Amazon was fledgling but strong. . . folks came up with a blog. Blogger.com exploded in popularity, and everybody decided they needed a blog. The argument arose whether you needed a blog or a website. The clock ticked on. . . blogs got creative with WordPress, websites incorporated blogs, and social media stepped up its game. Newsletters became passe. Everyone was everywhere, so what was the need? Podcasts, YouTube, SoundCloud, etc. came alive, and audiobooks took off. It was more attractive to see and hear someone. The trend was to become more interactive. Then suddenly blogs were history. . . and newsletters came back to life. I laughed the entire time, because I knew they would. Newsletters could be personal without intrusion. Some people dont have time to listen to talking heads. /Â  . The goal now is to attract people to your newsletter via blog. Listen. . . if you had jumped on every bandwagon spouted over the last 20 years, youve have bounced all over the place trying to be seen, heard, read, and followed. Youd be frustrated. You may or may not have a substantial readership because you were inconsistent. The lesson is. . . decide what works for you and work it to its fullest. Remember your focus. And understand that trends come and go, but your dear name is precious. Protect it

Prescriptive Design Models Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Prescriptive Design Models - Essay Example Pahl & Beitz (1988) developed the systematic approach in design, and divided the flow of work into four distinct steps. According to Pahl and Beitz, the first and initial stage in prescriptive design is clarification of the task. This entails collecting enough materials regarding information of the project, the requirements of the specific design, and the constraints to be faced in the actual design work. These stages will prepare a learner psychologically by offering the background information regarding the design, what they are actually required to do and the limits in terms of requirements and the scope of the actual design. The second stage according to this model would be the conceptual design. This process as Pahl & Beitz explain involves establishing functional structures, searching for the most suitable and viable solution principles and combining these to form a concept or design alternatives. This approach broadens a learner’s approach to have various ways in which t hey may approach the design process by understanding the component better through its functional dimension, and broadening the concept to find other design alternatives. According to Pahl & Beitz, after understanding the functionality of the component and having several design approaches, the next step would be the embodiment design.

The Transportation Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Transportation Sustainability - Essay Example In Who Killed the Electric Car?, various factors were identified in the collapse of an idea that once seemed to be a step forward in reaching green technology, while in Fuel, there are many contemplations on what possible troubles could appear in the process of embracing renewable fuel sources (mostly biodiesel) and how such obstacles can be overcome by people, particularly those who choose to be advocates for the environment. After watching the films, the issues and conflicts concerned with resolving the issues on sustainable transportation will become apparent to viewers, and it will be up to them on whether or not they will push themselves to understand further the points taken and not mentioned in these films for them to understand the true meanings of the problems that the filmmakers wanted the public to understand, or at least acknowledge the existence of. First is the documentary about the rise and fall of electric cars in the State of California. This film shows how various p layers in the automobile and petroleum industry caused the demise of an idea that might have been a better option to conserve the environment and introduce the idea of renewable energy sources for many consumers. For about two decades there have been major developments in the creation of successful car engines running on electricity, and these cars had lesser emission of noxious gases due to the lack of an internal combustion engine that most gas-powered vehicles normally rely on (â€Å"Who Killed the Electric Car†). Aside from the fact that the State of California has been having health issues due to having the highest smog rates in the whole nation, there had been higher than normal cases of children having respiratory issues that become chronic conditions as they age, and these were tied up to the excessive pollutants in the air. In trying to overcome these, the state government challenged automobile makers to mitigate this problem, and they replied with the creation of va rious electric vehicles for customers. Initially this initiative shows signs of success however the problems with regards to conflicts of interest emerged when a decade after successfully letting electric vehicles run in the roads the state government was sued not just by automobile makers but also by the federal government (â€Å"Who Killed the Electric Car†). A few years after, electric cars were pulled out from the streets and from the customers by the very same companies that initially sold them, causing frustration at the seemingly backward stance of both the state and federal government in the course of finding sustainable and renewable energy resources. The film would later reveal the factors that were causal in letting go of such a promising kind of technology. Apart from the fact that conflict of interests were observed among policy-makers as most of them were connected to or were formerly connected with

Impacts of Globalization and Gaming

Impacts of Globalization and Gaming Video game franchise has taken the world by storm. It is design to trigger human emotion by satisfying one need to kill, venting of frustration and anger. Video gaming is used to de-stress, educate and kill time. People would spend hundreds of dollars in the gaming sector and this has make gaming the primary platform of entertainment and lifestyle. Impact of globalization and gaming The media has played the primary leader in re-shaping our future by imprinting images on how things should be. Images shown on advertisement, commercials, the covers of magazine and newspaper prove to have impact and stir up interest among consumers. Thus, making media consumptions as a form of manual for Life A guide to live your life Here, I am making a distinctive connection between the influences of the video game market, game production sales, game demograph and global culture. The major and leading players in the gaming industry would be the U.S and Japan. Business competition has stir up due to many other nations eager to get involve and follow the footstep of both big players. This shows how important video gaming industry has become and how it conquers the centre stage of globalization. It is predicted to posses a huge growth in coming years. Statistics shows a steady yet gradual growth in the gaming sector from the year 2002 2007 (image 1.1), overtaking other media market such as film and music. Leading franchise, Mario, created in Japan, has yield over 200 games since original release date back in 1981. Mario has then become the official mascot of Nintendo. With help from the media, everyone from every corner of the world will know who or what is Mario. It has turned itself global by its iconic representation of video game. A side from technical statistics, market has showed distinctive trends. It is obvious how our male counterpart dominant the gaming market but what is more startling is the growth and impact of girls and woman showing interest to this market over the recent years. (Image 1.2) In late November, president of Nintendo America, Reggie Fils-Aime presented several data points outlining the current gender breakdown of console play in the U.S. Reggie estimates there are 45 million people playing video games as the primary players in the U.S. Of those, Nintendo is estimating 26% are female, or roughly 11.7 million. Wanda Meloni, Gamasutra Factors such as online gaming and PC gaming are the key contributor, especially with the existence of social networking site such as Twitter and Facebook, Apart from your ordinary 2D-Planes of your computer screen, gaming console took a leap in providing both sharing and social networking into their programs. Sharing movies, pictures, music and gaming has never been a breeze while doing it in the comfort of your own living room. Such experiences have turn into a lifestyle and morphed itself into a global culture. With tool like the Internet, people from all over the world are able to communicate, share and learn other cultures. That is how the existence of game production catering to certain culture and country originate. It is evident on the gaming box art. (Image 1.3)Â   Issue Despite these positive activities stir up by the gaming market, there are still problems that need to be addressed. Base on the research I have undergone, it is evident how gamers or consumers are not aware of the upcoming games. Surveys that I have done showed almost eighty percent of gamers surveyed are not aware of the latest games that are on sales. (Image 1.4) Advertising of the games has proved to be unsuccessful. Alas, most consumers who were surveyed claimed they found out about new games releases through word of mouth or the Internet. Website such as Gamespot will show weekly game releases. (Image 1.5) Gaming Experience Your heart is beating out of control; your hands are covered in blood, your eyes staring straight at him, with your finger on the trigger. This is your final stand, should you open fire? But he is a human being? Will he kill you? Or is this all a dream? The deafening sound of silence abrupt the surrounding, now its kill or be killed. You pull the trigger. He lay before you, dead. Before you know it, he slowly fades into the background. He disappears. A typical scenario for every gamer who plays combat war game. The only difference between reality and virtual reality is the hesitation to kill a person in a game. Virtual reality has set emotions wide apart from reality. One is more likely to kill a person in a game compare to a real life event. Why has gaming eradicate every emotion in a person when it comes to killing another player? Well, the explanation is simple. No one dies in a game. Virtual reality is design in a way that it will feed off most of our emotions without us worrying what are the consequences. Unlike reality, gaming allows players to redeem back their mistake by restarting the game. It fascinates me how game design has the ability to create fantastic visual effects; immersive graphics and beautiful environment that consumed one and let gamers live their character through computer games. Amazing how this two-dimensional generating image let users escape reality and let them live a pseudo character. How or what about this moving images let us, gamers, experience this out of body experience? How can something that is not physical enable and leave a memorable marking of its existences in our mind. Case Study Virtual Guggenheim Museum designed Asymptote has designed a physical virtual world in a space. Challenged to break free from the standard web site layout, Guggenheim requested a virtual space to compliment its striking New York Museum. Debut as a perfect hybrid of electronic space and physical space, Hani Rashid claims virtual spaces are designed with the same attention to detail as real physical buildings. The design inspiration comes from the idea of three-dimensional spatial traversable space on the Internet and real-time interactive elements located at various Guggenheim locations. Guggenheim Virtual Museum will be the first virtual building of the 21st century to fully show the relations of art, space, commerce and architecture. This virtual museum will be an ideal space to convey art and experience through interactive digital medium. Element such as the sound, image and dynamic fluid environment unlike any physical space are able to respond to the direction of the user without hindering its contents. As highlighted in image 2.2 and 2.3, galleries structure are wire-framed to emphasise on transparency and opacity. This movement is base on where the viewers move in the space Ultimately, architects think spatially and where theres a spatial issue were the ones trained historically to figure out how to make people understand and feel the emotional, physical and artistic side of a space Hani Rashid Designing Virtual Reality to Reality Time and space does not exist in a game. Distance cannot be measured and mass cannot be weighed. The physical manifestation exists only if we perceive it. Virtual reality is a warped space. Through this, I am inspired to design a permanent exhibition space in relation to the gaming cycle of life and death. It is base on the dynamic movement in a game and experiencing two-dimensional visuals into three-dimensional. This space will address the issue that was mentioned earlier; Promoting and creating awareness to new game releases to the mass. Base on the definition of Utopia, both living and dead spaces will fully illustrate the position of bliss. Some see death as a paradise while other sees fear in death. Imagine walking through a space that fully depicts death as a form of Utopia, a paradise and an unforsaken world that detach itself from reality. Walking through a dark narrow passage with nothing but the shimmering star that brightens your way. A journey nobody has ever experience. A psychological journey that let users experience death in both euphoric and frightening state, far from tranquillity. It is a momentary journey that makes users of the space ponder and reflect upon their own well-being The design approach is divided into three primary journey, reality, life and death. Reality is design to be grounded to the ground in which illustrates how our lives are tie down to our beliefs. Life is depicted to be hovering in between death. While death is describe as the answer to our entire question in life and reality that were left unanswered. Death space is design to overview the whole space. Designs using three way planes, the planes are a representation of life, death and reality. It consist of lines overlapping each other, depicting how life, death and reality overlapping each other to form and create dimensions, depth, gravity and volumes. All this planes will merge into one core area that illustrates the gaming cycle. The different hierarchy of spaces and planes creates a weaving journey that makes users move in and out of spaces. Life and Death Cycle Through Design The journey begins with two entrances that were place base on the human traffic directions. (Image 4.1) As you walk through the narrow path of the dimly lighted surrounding, you are greeted by this massive, rustic metallic structure that seemed to be hovering. Struck with curiosity, you cant help but to venture into this foreign, alienated space that awaits you. As you walk in through the narrow tunnel, you could hear the surrounding of the environment starts to quiet down. Suddenly, the pleasant sound of silence hits you, the thought of a broken clock gives birth to tranquillity and an escape from reality youve been waiting for. It feels as if you are in a different world where time does not exist. A long flight of glass staircase awaits you on the other end of the tunnel. (Image 4.2) With precarious footing on the steps, you climb the flight of stairs wondering where it will lead you too. The sight of the staircase seems endless. You never know what it is like to walk on glass. It feels as if youre hovering on the glass staircase as you see stranger climbing the staircase on the other side of the glass wall. (Image 4.3) You stop mid-way through the journey as you feel the transition of space varies from where you were from. The surrounding becomes vast as you see the exterior environment of the space. Move further up, you be greeted with a dark narrow space. You question your surrounding and it finally struck you that youre in a gaming environment. The metal rustic wall, the lights, the intense bold feeling you get from the dimly lighted space that is clad with perforated metal walls makes you feel as if youre in a combat science fiction game. From the perforated wall, you could see the people outside the space. Alas, the people from the other side of the wall could not see what is happening in the space. As you bask into the environment and take a new control of your journey, you see another staircase. Wondering where it will go, you decide to take the chance and proceed down the steps. As you place your footing, one foot at a time, you realised you are detached from the pervious space. You are back to reality. (Image 4.5) It feels as if youre taking a break from an alter reality space and the decision for you to immerse back into gaming or get back to reality is left unanswered in this space you are currently at. As you explore the space, you stumble upon another staircase hidden behind this massive structure, leading you to the ground floor. You decide to proceed down the staircase. You are back to reality and proceed on with your daily life. Conclusion Various views on impact of globalization and gaming have been presented. It shows how gaming can change ones culture and behaviour but ultimately, the gaming experience one indulge in is nothing compare to reality. It helps escape reality for that spur moment. This let one rejuvenate themselves and continue on with life, just like how gaming enable us to restart a game when we failed to complete certain task. This design will help to create awareness of the existence of gaming and its impact on a physical stand. Thus, helps both gamers and production companies establish a more prominent relationship with its consumers. It is not the impression; it is the experience that counts.

Analysis of Dostoevsky and Nietzsches Literature Essay -- Psychology

Analysis of Dostoevsky and Nietzsche's Literature   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Friedrich Nietzsche once said, â€Å"Dostoevsky, the only one who has taught me anything about psychology.† The two writers share many similarities and differences. Dostoevsky clearly had an effect on the thinking of Nietzsche. The two would be considered both philosophers and psychologists. Both writers became prominent in the late 19th century in Germany and Russia respectively. Dostoevsky was noted for his Russian literary classics and would be responsible for a flowering of late 19th century Russian literary culture. His Russian contemporaries include Leo Tostoy and Anton Chekov. Dostoevsky’s most famous works include The Brothers Karamozov, The Idiot, and Crime and Punishment. Nietzsche is most famous for his philosophical works such as thus spoke Zarathustra. The two writers have many similarities in their philosophy. They both see a changing role in religion. Nietzsche and Dostoevsky also differ sharply on some other aspects of life. One of t hese being the differing views on the role of the fatherland. Nietzsche’s beyond good and evil and Dostoevsky’s crime and punishment are two works that can be compared and contrasted to show the similarities and dissimilarities of the two geniuses. The two men offer great insights in these books on morality and the affect it can have on the actions of the individual and the society as a whole.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dostoevsky’s crime and punishment, is set in Tsarist Russia in the 19th century. Rodya Raskolnikov, the main character, is a student at a University in St. Petersburg. By the early stages of the novel, he has dropped out of school and is left in his one room shanty, to ponder his own philosophical questions. He is poor, hungry and desperate for money. He begins to sell some of his possessions to a pawnbroker, Alyona Ivanovna, to gain money for his basic survival. He begins to see the poverty and desperation of St. Petersburg at this time. Rodya would begin to look at Alyona as a source of this problem. Alyona, in Rodya’s eyes, was profiting off of the poverty and misery of others by buying off their possession at unreasonably low prices. She would then horde the money for herself while the people outside of her own apartment starved to death. Raskolnikov decides to murder the pawnbroker for the sake of humanity. His plan is not deeply thought out in advance and i... ...th and Russian nationalism. Rodya is a testament to what may go wrong with the morality of the superman. Rodya is also a symbol of someone who does not follow Nietzsche’s path to becoming a superman and this is reason alone for his failure. The two writers are an ominous prediction of what was to come in Europe. For Dostoevsky, Russia did become a global powerhouse with the creation of the Soviet Union. For Nietzsche, man partially left behind Christianity. Christianity did lose a great amount of power with the creation of a more secular society. Papal authority battles state authority and it is papal doctrine that seems to be coming up on the shorthand of this battle. Nietzsche’s sentiments were echoed after the two world wars. His philosophy was the harbinger of existentialism. 20th century philosophers like Jean-Paul Sartre compounded many of Nietzsche’s ideas. It is clear from crime and punishment as well as beyond good and evil that Nietzsche and Dostoev sky share many views while on others they could not be more rigidly divided. In all, one fact remains. These two great men continue to have a resounding affect on European and global culture, whether society likes it or not.

How the United States of America will respond to German Cars Essay

German cars are famous worldwide for their luxury, durability, innovation, exoticism and sophistication in terms of design and production. Whatever they make is perceived of high value in terms of money and exhibits high cultural values of the Germans. Over the decades the German philosophy of management is structured in such a way that it bring out an element of extremely reliable quality and focuses on the aspects of giving something new to the world. Their cars are known to the world and most preferred by their target market because of the reputations that have been able to maintain over the decades. The German apply the concept of high level engineering in the manufacturing of the product add extreme level quality management is applied. In order to explain the German concept let us take the example of Mercedes, a German car manufacturer. The brain child of Karl Benz, this company has grown up to the limits of providing high value cars to the market it caters. Mercedes is a brand that has attached its values with luxury and comfort which encompasses extreme engineering that focuses on precision engineering. The target market of Mercedes is the highest socioeconomic group given in any country in terms of income. The target market includes people who have a sophisticated life style and prefer luxury of any of the factor. Mercedes goes by the philosophy of providing more for much more. Obviously high and reliable product offerings are then associated with higher cost which the customers of Mercedes are ready to pay. Mercedes has always been known to come up with innovation in its products which are always shown in the new model which Mercedes launches. The values that are attached to the brand are always taken care of by the manufacturer and as a result, reflected on the end product. Mercedes philosophy is based on providing the best of what is required. Its product has now become a prestige for its owners who stand out from the rest of the population. Mercedes has a reputation of maintaining customer retentions and high customer satisfaction. This is done in terms through the medium of providing high quality cars and much better customer service that comes in the form of car maintenance and part a service supply. The customers enjoy the convenience of getting better maintenance because they become a part of the Mercedes family. The reputation has become a part of the brand that lives up to its value. The German car manufacturer on which we will be focusing has a product that caters to the higher class of customer as they would be differentiated on the basis of their income. Our customer is a person of age around 25-35 years, a person who is lively, energetic and more fun loving. He prefers luxury and comfort over economy of the product and would mind spend money that gives him satisfaction. If we classify our target market’s need on the Maslow’s chart of hierarchy of needs, we would place it on the end that is self-actualization. The personality of our customer is a healthy and active individual, who is also very classy and has a good taste of products. He prefers to go to clubs rather than normal bars and would celebrate his success with wine rather than a glass of champagne. Our customer is a winner and would never settle for something low. If we were to diagnose of how reactant our consumer is then we would rate it as an early adopter who is highly informative about the newly arriving product and is a connoisseur for fine products. Our aim is to target the higher class of people and also the younger segment because of the sustenance of our business. To make thing more specific, our cars that are luxurious and we are not willing to expand our product line. The whole concept to cater to this segment of the target market is because of the rich tradition and culture attached to German products. German philosophy in the car manufacturing industry is to provide something innovative and high-tech. So this target market is chosen to order to align with what are philosophy is. And the whole objective to expand our domain to other countries is solely based on the feasibility of the plan which includes profits and sustainable development of the expansion. These things will be emphasized upon when giving analysis of the expansion plan of the company in the following countries. Plus we will also look in to business and operations process reengineering which will be needed in different countries in order to align with the consumers of the country and their traditions also. United States of America: USA is a country that has a blend of people living in it. They include Caucasians, Latin Americans, Mexicans, Afro-Americans, Asian and many more. The majority of the population that lives in the U.  S is Caucasian or white Americans . However this majority is in terms of the relative ratio to the different races. The American culture includes a variety of aspects in it and is a very complex system in itself to analyze it. If we analyze the country as a whole then we will have to analyze the geographical, economical cultural, demographical, and social concepts of people living there. The geographical design of U. S is divided in to two categories which further have been divided for other studies. These categories are defined as cities and country side. An important thing to note is that the lifestyle of people who live in the two different categories is extremely different to each other. The city life is perceived as fast paced and more inclined towards professional environment. The residential areas are either near the business hubs which are expensive and are in the form of apartment and penthouses or separated from the city center and are located in the outskirts of the city. These places are residential areas that have houses, bungalows, schools, supermarkets etc. The standard of living in the United States is high which is also reflected in the lives in people living in cities. However people who live in the out skirts are usually those who have their own family and own a house in those places. The people who live near the city center usually reside in apartment and are singles. The people who live in the outskirt residential areas have their own cars for traveling, while those who live near the business hub are the ones who not use cars to travel to office and use public transport like buses, subways and taxis also. So the business should emphasize on catering to the segment that lives in the residential area. People can afford the car because of higher income status and because of the lifestyle that aligns with the product’s positioning. More over its customers live in expensive areas that prefer big luxurious cars. Right now the personal transportation mode of the American is automobiles. It is estimated to be 80% of the land transport. This mean that out of 100 American, 80 of them have their own car; which in the European countries is approximately 51%. This is an added benefit for the automobile manufacturers. The market which will be focused upon are mostly cities like New York (population of 20,000,000 approximately), Washington D. C. 6,000,000 approximately), Los Angeles (12,500,000 approximately), Chicago (9,600,000 approximately), Miami (5,500,000 approximately) and other cities. The political system of the country is based on the democratic system of government. Everyone has certain rights that are stated in the charter of democracy. Everyone one has a right to vote in the elections which determine who will lead the country for the next four years. The country has had an advantage of having wise president and a clever and socially binding congress which has the responsibility of passing laws for the better of the people as well as to contribute to the world. U. S. A has been lucky to not to face political turmoil and the law and order situation in the country is very good. The crime rates even though high do not majorly affect the economic functioning and are able to withstand any sudden disruption. After the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center the government has increased its budget on social security in order to prevent any further assault on the US soil and has been able to achieve its objective of maintaining peace in the country. This is also proven by the fact that the country has until now not encountered another attack since the last nine years. The government gives very much importance to the social expenditure which is aimed at improving the socioeconomic aspect (education, medical etc). This in turn increases the standard of living if the people who further help in maintaining a sustainable economy by creating opportunities for new entrant in the market. U. S. A has high investment opportunity. It is because the economy is capitalist economy which means that it is based on the free market trade and that there is no government intervention. Due to this, there is high investment on other businesses and the high growth opportunities. The tax rate in the U.  S is high, which is a symbol for a developed economy. The taxes given by the people to the government further help the government to contribute to the social expenditure it incurs. The tax rate, even though; are cost are outweighed by the profitability of the companies operating in the U. S. USA is a huge market for potential businesses to enter. This can be seen from the fact that it has a GDP of $14. 4 trillion. This shows that how big an economy US is. The private sector contribution to the economy is 55. 3%, which is a majority and it shows the strength of the private sector. This means that U.  S has high private investment firms who are also high tax payers. The United States of America also has the privilege of having the world’s largest stock exchange in terms of volume which is the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). More over as it is a country that has diverse group of people living in it; the chances of success are very high. Secondly the country has started to come out of recession which hit back in 2008. This means that the dark period for the US economy will in very short time become a thing of the past and the only thing which is anticipated now is the economic growth of the country. Another thing which will add to the benefit of the transfer is that the interest rates in the US are all time low. Which means that cheap financing is available to people and due to this there will be an increase in consumerism which will further add up to the advantage of sales in the automobile manufacturing. Moreover the competition in the automobile industry is low in the US because of the bankruptcy of the automobile company due to the recession. These companies have either packed up or either been bought by Chinese or Japanese companies. Now the competition remains with only the Chinese or the Japanese manufacturers. German cars comparatively have more edge to other manufacturers because of the higher quality and a very good reputation. Then to add further USA ranks third in the oil production industry. It is also the largest importer of oil. This means that there is no problem of availability of fuel for those who can afford it. The culture of a country is defined by the people living in it. It is the representation of the behavior and practices of the people in their daily lives. Everything what people feel, think and learn is a part of learning that comes from culture. The culture of U. S is a blend of people living in it. As described above there are many races in the United States. And since it is known that culture is adaptive and changes according to time, the mixture of their cultural values has evolved to form what is called the American way of life. U. S is also a house for people who belong to different religion and practices. The majority of the population living in U. S belongs to Christianity. There are also Muslims, Jew, Buddhists, Hindus and people of other religions living in America. What is unique about the people is that even though they consider themselves as American, they do not necessarily share a common set of ideas and beliefs. This is because even though they live in America that adds up to their social learning that comes through interacting with other people, their parenting and inherited learning is different from one another. This means that people belonging to different groups may have different behavior in different situations. This adds to the out benefit since the values related to luxury and satisfaction is espoused value that all the people of different races tend to share. Humans have always had the tendency to develop. People strive to in order to increase their standard of living. This means that with the growth of economy and socio-political environment people develop the tendency to get to the next level of their needs which are then changed into their wants and they demand for thing that gives them satisfaction. The change in the wants of people is reflected by their demand for a particular thing. So it won’t be wrong to say that growth in the economy is directly proportional to the demand of products which is an added benefit to the businesses. During the nineteenth century, the American philosophy was of working hard to become well off evolved into the increase in the social status. This is was the belief that was prevalent among the whites. This philosophy has now shifted to the Asians.

Reflective Essay On Silence In Night - 870 Words

â€Å"From the depths of the mirror, a corpse was contemplating me. The look in his eyes as he gazed at me has never left me† (115). This quote is spoken by Elie Wiesel in his memoir Night about his personal experiences in the concentration camps during the Holocaust. In the beginning of the story, Elie is a young teenage Jewish boy living in Sighet, Transylvania, who is also deeply religious. However, due to unforeseen circumstances, Elie and his family are separated into different concentration camps. During this period of time, he witnesses many atrocious acts yet does nothing to stop them, and it leads to severe outcomes. In the memoir Night, Elie Wiesel reminds the world that silence to such cruelty at any given time is unacceptable to†¦show more content†¦No doubt they had seen quite a few of these processions †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (46). The German townspeople have obviously witnessed several of these Jewish prisoners marching by. They have had multiple opportunities t o stand up for those who can not. However, repeatedly, they cowardly chose not to, and these innocent people suffer at their merciless hands. If they had just alerted an official, a good amount of people would have been spared from the terrible treatment from the repulsive Nazis. Despite the fact that the townspeople were just everyday human beings and were not being affected by the Holocaust, they could have done anything to lend a helping hand. Their silence, their inability to take action, only adds more destruction on top of the already appalling situation. In all, the townspeople stood by while over six millions Jews were executed. Finally, the last manner in which silence is depicted as a sin is when family members do nothing to support their loved ones in tough times. In the story, Elie stands by quietly, while his ill father was being hit in the head by a Nazi’s club. â€Å"I didn’t move. I was afraid, my body was afraid of another blow, this time to my headâ €  (111). In this situation, although Elie loves his father and depends on him dearly, he does not intervene to give aid to his own father, and he ignores him in order to save himself. This relates to the bystander effect. The bystander effect is when individuals are less likely to giveShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper On Grade School948 Words   |  4 Pagesmyself and my ability to understand the purpose of writing. Throughout grade school, I struggled to write and complete book reports and essays. It was not until I reached High School that I began to fully understand the concept of writing. During the last weeks of my sophomore year at Beachwood High School, I was assigned to write a reflective essay. In that essay I was responsible for writing some of the challenges that I faced during the school year, both personally and academically. 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